This 2007 book considers how agencies are currently figured at the human-machine interface, and how they might be imaginatively and materially reconfigured. Contrary to the apparent enlivening of objects promised by the sciences of the artificial, the author proposes that the rhetorics and practices of those sciences work to obscure the performative nature of both persons and things. The question then shifts from debates over the status of human-like machines, to that of how humans and machines are enacted as similar or different in practice, and with what theoretical, practical and political consequences. Drawing on scholarship across the social sciences, humanities and computing, the author argues for research aimed at tracing the differences within specific sociomaterial arrangements without resorting to essentialist divides. This requires expanding our unit of analysis, while recognizing the inevitable cuts or boundaries through which technological systems are constituted.

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zlib/Computers/Computer Science/Lucy Suchman/Human-Machine Reconfigurations: Plans and Situated Actions, 2nd Edition_1006898.pdf

Human-Machine Reconfigurations: Plans and Situated Actions (Learning in Doing: Social, Cognitive and Computational Perspectives)

Human-Machine Reconfigurations: Plans and Situated Actions:2nd (Second) Edition

Lucille Alice Suchman; Dawsonera

Suchman, Lucy

Greenwich Medical Media Ltd

2nd ed., Cambridge, New York, England, 2007

Learning in doing, 2nd ed, Cambridge, 2006

United Kingdom and Ireland, United Kingdom

2 edition, December 4, 2006

до 2011-01

lg582671

producers:
Textures + Distiller

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Memory of the World Librarian: any body

Includes bibliographical references (p. 287-308) and index.

Cover 1
Half-title 3
Title 5
Copyright 6
Contents 7
Acknowledgments 9
Preface to the 2nd Edition 13
Introduction 15
1 Readings and Responses 22
2 Preface to the 1st Edition 38
3 Introduction to the 1st Edition 43
4 Interactive Artifacts 47
Automata and cognitive science 49
The idea of human-computer interaction 52
Self-explanatory artifacts 56
The Computer as an Artifact Designed for a Purpose 58
The Computer as an Artifact Having Purposes 60
5 Plans 65
The planning model 66
Plan Generation and Execution Monitoring 67
Interaction and Plan Recognition 70
The Status of Plans 72
Speech acts 75
Background knowledge 77
6 Situated Actions 83
Plans are representations of action 85
Representation and breakdown 87
The practical objectivity of situations 88
The indexicality of language 91
The mutual intelligibility of action 94
7 Communicative Resources 99
Conversation as ensemble work 101
Conversational organization 103
Local Control 103
Sequential Organization and Coherence 107
Locating and remedying communicative trouble 111
Specialized forms of interaction 115
Preallocation of Turn Types 116
Agendas 118
Notation 121
8 Case and Methods 123
The expert help system 124
The problem of following instructions 125
Communicating instructions 128
The basic interaction 130
Methods 132
9 Human-Machine Communication 139
Engineering an appropriate response 140
The system’s situation: plans and detectable states 142
The user’s resource: the situated inquiry 150
The conditional relevance of response 159
A New Instruction Confirms the Previous Action 160
No Response Indicates That the Previous Action Is Incomplete 160
Communicative breakdowns 175
The False Alarm 176
Garden Path 177
Summary 181
10 Conclusion to the 1st Edition 190
Toward practical solutions 193
Plans as resources for action 196
11 Plans, Scripts, and Other Ordering Devices 201
Conscripting the user 202
Action according to procedure 207
Plans and templates 210
Seeing in categories 214
Ordering from within and without 216
12 Agencies at the Interface 220
The software agent: animation and the "illusion of life" 221
Jeeves for the masses 229
The encapsulated and augmented body 235
13 Figuring the Human in AI and Robotics 240
Automata and agency 242
Embodiment 244
Emotion 246
Sociability 248
The humanlike machine as a fetishized object 252
14 Demystifications and Reenchantments of the Humanlike Machine 255
Mystifications and enchantments 257
Demystifications 259
Reenchantments 270
15 Reconfigurations 273
Excluded middles 273
Mutual constitutions 275
Differences within 282
Rereading the human-machine 285
Design practices 290
Inhabiting the interface 293
Expanding frames and accountable cuts 297
References 301
Index 323

This book considers how agencies are currently figured at the human-machine interface, and how they might be imaginatively and materially reconfigured. Contrary to the apparent enlivening of objects promised by the sciences of the artificial, the author proposes that the rhetorics and practices of those sciences work to obscure the performative nature of both persons and things. The question then shifts from debates over the status of human-like machines, to that of how humans and machines are enacted as similar or different in practice, and with what theoretical, practical and political consequences. Drawing on recent scholarship across the social sciences, humanities and computing, the author argues for research aimed at tracing the differences within specific sociomaterial arrangements without resorting to essentialist divides. This requires expanding our unit of analysis, while recognizing the inevitable cuts or boundaries through which technological systems are constituted.

This book provides a new way of understanding how human actions and technological artifacts are intertwined. The author shows how leading edge technologies can rest on very old-fashioned assumptions, while more modest initiatives suggest innovative approaches to technology design and use

'Human-Machine Reconfigurations' provides a way of understanding how human actions and technological artifacts are intertwined through examples of robots, web-based software agents, and a range of other contemporary projects in computer system design

2011-06-04