This book is a collection of chapters penned by practitioners from around the world on the impact that disinformation and fake news has had in both the online and social sphere. While much has been said about individual disinformation campaigns in specific countries, this book offers a panoramic view of how these campaigns are conducted, who they target, and how they are spread. By bringing together research on specific countries and international data mined from questionnaires and online studies, the understanding of the term 'fake news' is greatly expanded and the issues we face are brought to light.  The book includes contributions by experts such as Jean-Baptiste Vilmer (Macron Leaks), and includes case studies from Asia, such as Singapore and Myanmar, written in an accessible manner for the general interested reader, practitioners and policymakers in the field.

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zlib/Society, Politics & Philosophy/Social Sciences/Shashi Jayakumar, Benjamin Ang, Nur Diyanah Anwar/Disinformation And Fake News_6121329.pdf

Liberatory Practices for Learning Dismantling Social Inequality and Individualism with Ancient Wisdom

Jayakumar, Shashi; Ang, Benjamin; Anwar, Nur Diyanah

Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd Fka Springer Science + Business Media Singapore Pte Ltd

Palgrave pivot, Singapore, 2021

Singapore, Singapore

Sep 18, 2020

1, 20201031

sm84291252

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Contents......Page 5
Notes on Contributors......Page 7
List of Figures......Page 11
Introduction......Page 13
Disinformation & Fake News: Meanings, Present, Future......Page 14
Conceptual Underpinnings......Page 16
Chapters......Page 20
Overview of Disinformation......Page 21
Disinformation in Context......Page 22
Countering Disinformation......Page 24
Notes Towards a Future Body of Work......Page 26
Overview of Disinformation......Page 32
Disinformation as a Threat to National Security......Page 33
The New Information Environment......Page 34
State Actor Influence Campaigns......Page 36
Tools and Techniques......Page 38
Response......Page 39
Conclusion......Page 41
References......Page 42
Tools of Disinformation: How Fake News Gets to Deceive......Page 44
Introduction......Page 45
Defining Fake News......Page 46
Sender Factors......Page 47
Message Factors......Page 49
Channel Factors......Page 50
Receiver Factors......Page 51
Conclusion......Page 52
References......Page 53
How News Audiences Think About Misinformation Across the World......Page 56
Methodology......Page 57
Trust in the News......Page 58
Types of Misinformation......Page 59
Public Concern Over Misinformation......Page 61
Exposure to Misinformation......Page 62
“Fake News” as a Term......Page 63
Addressing Concerns Over Misinformation......Page 64
Conclusion......Page 65
References......Page 66
Disinformation in Context......Page 67
Building Digital Resilience Ahead of Elections and Beyond......Page 68
Technological Vulnerabilities......Page 69
Exploiting Social Media Ahead of Elections......Page 71
Moldova—Doctored Video......Page 73
Mexico—Political Bots......Page 74
The United States—Sock Puppet Accounts......Page 75
Training......Page 76
Technology......Page 77
Future Threats......Page 78
References......Page 79
Fighting Information Manipulation: The French Experience......Page 81
Step 1: Disinformation Campaign......Page 82
Step 2: Data Hacking and Leaking......Page 83
Who Did It?......Page 84
Why Did It Fail?......Page 85
Luck......Page 86
Raising Awareness......Page 87
Beat Hackers at Their Own Game......Page 88
Undermining Propaganda Outlets......Page 89
Conclusion: The Road Ahead......Page 90
Framing the Debate: The CAPS-IRSEM Report......Page 91
Acting: Legislation, Media Literacy, and Internal Organization......Page 94
Disinformation and Cultural Practice in Southeast Asia......Page 96
Introduction......Page 97
How Southeast Asians Access the Internet and Why It Matters......Page 98
Media and ‘Trust’ in Southeast Asia......Page 100
The Political Context in Which Disinformation Spreads......Page 103
Conclusion and Solutions......Page 105
Hate Speech in Myanmar: The Perfect Storm......Page 107
Countering Disinformation......Page 119
NATO Amidst Hybrid Warfare Threats: Effective Strategic Communications as a Tool Against Disinformation and Propaganda......Page 120
How NATO Counters Russian Disinformation and Propaganda......Page 124
Sharpening Strategic Communications......Page 127
References......Page 130
Elves vs Trolls......Page 133
Elves’ Rules......Page 134
References......Page 138
Fake News and Disinformation: Singapore Perspectives......Page 139
Introduction......Page 140
The Southeast Asian and Singapore Contexts......Page 141
Singapore......Page 143
Singapore’s Protection from Online Falsehoods and Misinformation Act......Page 146
Comparison of Singapore’s Law and Other Legislation......Page 152
Non-legal Aspects: Media and Digital Literacy, and Building Trust......Page 153
Regional/International Level: Comparing Notes......Page 157
Conclusion......Page 158

Disinformation and Fake News is a book full of insights from top-notch specialists on information operations. Over last several years, various regions of the world have seen a spike in the use of information operations for geopolitical or commercial reasons. It is critical to gather and compare existing knowledge across regions and sectors in one place. Everybody interested in this fast-developing field should read this volume. - Jakub Janda, Executive Director, European Values Center for Security Policy, Czech Republic This book brings together fresh and important perspectives on fake news and the threat of disinformation campaigns. Penned by leading experts and practitioners from around the world, it offers a panoramic view of the impact fake news has had in the online and social spheres, as well as how disinformation campaigns are conducted (and counteracted). The contributions are written in an accessible manner, with the volume aimed equally at the general interested reader, practitioners and policymakers. Shashi Jayakumar is Head, Centre of Excellence of National Security (CENS) and Executive Coordinator, Future Issues and Technology, at the S Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore. Benjamin Ang is a Senior Fellow with CENS. He leads the Cyber and Homeland Defence Programme, which explores policy issues around the cyber domain, international cyber norms, cyber threats and conflict, strategic communications and disinformation, law enforcement technology and cybercrime, smart city cyber issues, and national security issues in disruptive technology. Nur Diyanah Anwar is pursuing her PhD at the National Institute of Education (NIE), NTU. Previously, she was a Senior Analyst with CENS. Her research interests revolve around identity issues, multiculturalism, education, social policies, inequality, and the relations between state and society

2020-11-01