This new addition to the popular Seminar Studies series looks at the origins, development and organisation of the Military Orders during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, showing how they functioned as a form of religious life and concentrating on their role in the Crusades and in the government and defence of the Christian kingdoms in the Holy Land. Dr Nicholas Morton offers coverage of the Templars, Hospitalers and Teutonic Knights, as well as various smaller orders. Perfect for undergraduate students studying the Crusades, and for anyone with an interest in this popular topic, this concise and useful history contains numerous primary source materials as well as features to aid understanding.

nexusstc/The Medieval Military Orders: 1120-1314 (Seminar Studies)/e860c2316b516505427ab41f2ec99dd3.pdf

lgli/The Medieval Military Orders 1120-1314 - Nicholas Morton.pdf

lgrsnf/The Medieval Military Orders 1120-1314 - Nicholas Morton.pdf

Morton, Nicholas

Pearson Education Limited

Taylor & Francis Ltd

Edexcel Limited

Heinemann

Seminar studies in history, Harlow, England, 2013

Taylor & Francis (Unlimited), London, 2014

United Kingdom and Ireland, United Kingdom

Seminar studies in history, London, 2014

Seminar studies, New York ; London, 2017

producers:
Adobe Acrobat Pro 10.1.7

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Cover 1
Half Title 2
Title Page 4
Copyright Page 5
Dedication 7
Table of Contents 8
Acknowledgements 11
Publisher’s acknowledgements 12
Who’s who 13
Glossary 18
Maps 20
PART ONE ANALYSIS 24
INTRODUCTION 26
1 THE IDEA OF THE MILITARY ORDERS AND THE RISE OF THE TEMPLARS 33
Introduction 33
The legacy of the First Crusade 34
The development of the Latin East and the origins of the Templars 35
Secular and religious knighthood 37
Reactions to the new knighthood (contemporary attitudes 1) 38
Further reading 40
2 THE DEFENCE OF THE HOLY LAND, 1130–1187 41
The origins and militarisation of the Hospitallers 41
Templar and Hospitaller resources in the west (finances 1) 44
Castles and fortifications (military activities 1) 47
The Holy Land, 1144–1170 50
The military orders at the time of William of Tyre (contemporary attitudes 2) 52
The fall of Jerusalem 54
Further reading 57
Chronology 58
3 IBERIA 59
The introduction of the military orders into the Iberian Peninsula 59
The Spanish military orders and the reconquest, 1157–1195 60
Frontier revenue: Iberia and the Holy Land (finances 2) 64
The struggle for Spain, 1195–1232 67
The struggle for Spain, 1195–1232 69
Expansion and appeal of the Holy Land, 1233–1300 72
Further reading 75
Chronology 76
4 THE DEFENCE OF THE HOLY LAND, 1188–1291 77
1188–1228: the struggle for the Eastern Mediterranean 77
Conflicts of interests (patrons 2) 80
Competition between military orders 83
1230–1260 85
The economics of defeat (finances 3) 88
Decline and fall, 1260–1291 90
Further reading 93
Chronology 94
5 EASTERN EUROPE AND THE BALTIC 95
Background 95
Eastern frontlines 96
Relations with the papacy (patrons 3) 101
The Teutonic Knights and the eastern frontier 103
Dividing resources (finances 4) 108
Further reading 111
Chronology 112
6 INTERNAL STRUCTURE AND IDENTITY 113
The military orders as a form of monasticism 113
Central control 115
Careers and life-cycle 118
Daily life 122
Piety and identity 125
The military orders in the field (military activities 2) 128
Medical roles 130
Women and the military orders 133
Further reading 134
7 AWAY FROM THE FRONTIER, THE MILITARY ORDERS IN WESTERN CHRISTENDOM 136
The military orders in a changing world 136
Politics, regional concerns and local elites (patrons 4) 137
Crusaders and pilgrims 140
Heresy, mendicants and political crusading 144
Attitudes to the military orders in the Holy Land befoe 1291 (contemporary attitudes 3) 147
Further reading 150
8 THE MILITARY ORDERS AT THE TIME OF THE TRIAL OF THE TEMPLARS 152
The Eastern Mediterranean following the fall of Acre 152
The Trial of the Templars (patrons 5) 154
The other military orders at the time of the Trial 159
Further reading 163
PART TWO DOCUMENTS 166
1 Bernard of Clairvaux’s treatise for the Templars entitled In Praise of the New Knighthood (1130s) 167
2 The foundation of the order of Calatrava 176
3 Prince Bohemond III of Antioch offers properties to the order of Santiago in return for their assistance (September 1180) 177
4 Pope Innocent III confirms the treaty between the Swordbrethren and the bishop of Riga 179
5 Hermann von Salza’s letter to Pope Gregory IX concerning his actions on crusade (late March 1229) 180
6 Pope Gregory IX encourages the faithful to support the Teutonic Knights in their construction of Montfort (10 July 1230) 182
7 Matthew Paris describes the public reaction to an appeal for help sent by the Templars in July 1244 184
8 Eberhard of Sayn, visitor of the Teutonic Knights, outlines the arrangements for the organisation of the order in Prussia and its responsibilities to master and chapter in the Holy Land 184
9 King Alfonso III of Aragon permits the Templars to export six horses to the Latin East (25 April 1286) 187
10 King James II of Aragon demands that the Templars help to defend his kingdom against Castile (17 August 1300) 187
SOURCES FOR THE MILITARY ORDERS 189
REFERENCES 194
INDEX 199

This Addition To The Series Seminar Studies In History Looks At The Origins, Development And Organisation Of The Military Orders During The 12th And 13th Centuries, Showing How They Functioned As A Form Of Religious Life And Concentrating On Their Role In The Crusades And In The Government And Defence Of The Christian Kingdoms In The Holy Land. Nicholas Morton. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [171]-175) And Index.

This new seminar study considers the origins, development and organisation of the military orders during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, showing how they functioned as a form of religious life and concentrating on their role in the crusades and in the government and defence of the Christian kingdoms in the Holy Land.

2024-01-07