This textbook offers an introduction to multiple, interdependent transport phenomena as they occur in various fields of physics and technology like transport of momentum, heat, and matter. These phenomena are found in a number of combined processes in the fields of chemical, food, biomedical, and environmental sciences. The book puts a special emphasis on numerical modeling of both purely diffusive mechanisms and macroscopic transport such as fluid dynamics, heat and mass convection. To favor the applicability of the various concepts, they are presented with a simplicity of exposure, and synthesis has been preferred with respect to completeness. The book includes more than 130 graphs and figures, to facilitate the understanding of the various topics. It also presents many modeling examples throughout the text, to control that the learned material is properly understood. There are some typos in the text. You can see the corrections here: http://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/ErrataCorrige_v0.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1679320-p181107156

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332925_Print.indd

Ruocco, Gianpaolo

0002624

Springer Nature Switzerland AG

Springer Nature (Textbooks & Major Reference Works), Cham, Switzerland, 2018

Switzerland, Switzerland

Feb 20, 2018

3, 20180212

sm67854323

producers:
Acrobat Distiller 10.0.0 (Windows)

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Source title: Introduction to Transport Phenomena Modeling: A Multiphysics, General Equation-Based Approach

Preface 6
Acknowledgements 9
Contents 10
Acronyms 14
1 Transport Phenomena and Multiphysics Modeling 16
1.1 Motivation of This Book 16
1.2 Why Study Transport Phenomena? 17
1.2.1 A First Statement on Transport Phenomena 17
1.2.2 Transport Phenomena in the World Around Us 18
1.3 A Vision of Transport Phenomena Analysis 19
1.3.1 Experiments Versus Virtualization 19
1.3.2 Learning Transport Phenomena Through a Recursive Approach 20
1.3.3 A General Governing Differential Equation 22
1.4 Heat Transfer as a Multiphysics Framework 22
1.4.1 The Role of Heat Transfer 23
1.4.2 The Different Modes of Heat Transfer 24
1.4.3 Multiphysics in Heat Transfer 26
1.5 Further Reading 26
References 27
2 Heat Transfer by Conduction 28
2.1 Conduction: The Underlying Physics and Basic Definitions 28
2.1.1 Molecular Heat Flow 28
2.1.2 Fourier's Law of Conduction 29
2.1.3 Driving Material Properties 32
2.1.4 Fourier's Law Generalization 34
2.2 Elementary Conduction: The Electricity Analogy 35
2.2.1 Resistance and Conductance 36
2.2.2 Analogy Between Thermal and Electric Conduction 37
2.2.3 Application of Thermal Circuits: Plane Multilayered Media 38
2.3 Fundamental Equation of Thermal Conduction 40
2.3.1 Equation of Energy Conservation in Rectangular Coordinates 41
2.3.2 Other Coordinate Systems 45
2.3.3 Temperature Distribution in the Steady State, 1-D 46
2.3.4 Phase Interaction and Discontinuity in Conduction 58
2.3.5 Temperature Distribution in the Unsteady State 59
2.4 Dimensionless Equation of Conduction 64
2.4.1 Dimensional Analysis 64
2.4.2 A Graphical Tool 68
2.5 Numerical Solution of Conduction 70
2.5.1 Discretization 71
2.5.2 Steady-State Conduction, 1-D 71
2.5.3 Unsteady-State Conduction 76
2.5.4 Extension to 2-D Geometry and Solver Types 78
2.5.5 Grid Types 79
2.6 Further Reading 80
References 81
3 Momentum Transfer 82
3.1 Fluid Dynamics: The Underlying Physics and Basic Definitions 82
3.1.1 Fluid Motion and Flow Regimes 82
3.1.2 Newton's Law of Viscosity 85
3.1.3 Driving Material Properties 88
3.2 Elementary Viscous Flow: Driving Factors 89
3.2.1 Internal Flow 89
3.2.2 External Flow 96
3.2.3 Summary of the Solution of 1-D Problems 101
3.3 Fundamental Equations of Fluid Mechanics 102
3.3.1 Equation of Continuity 102
3.3.2 Equation of Momentum Conservation 104
3.3.3 Generalized Constitutive Relationships 107
3.3.4 Navier–Stokes Equations in Rectangular Coordinates 109
3.3.5 Particular Cases 111
3.3.6 Other Coordinate Systems 113
3.3.7 Turbulent Flow 114
3.4 Dimensionless Equations of Fluid Mechanics 123
3.5 Momentum Transfer Interactions: The Boundary Layer 124
3.5.1 Onset, Scale Analysis, Analytical Solutions 125
3.5.2 Phenomenology 130
3.5.3 Flow Visualization 133
3.6 Numerical Solution of Fluid Flow 135
3.6.1 Discretization in 1-D 136
3.6.2 Discretization in 2-D 140
3.6.3 The Solution of the Pressure Field 146
3.6.4 A Sequence for the Solution of the Incompressible Navier–Stokes Equations 148
3.6.5 Boundary Equations 148
3.6.6 CFD Framework and Components 152
3.7 Further Reading 158
References 159
4 Heat Transfer by Convection 160
4.1 Convection: The Underlying Physics and Basic Definitions 160
4.1.1 Macroscopical Heat Flow 160
4.1.2 Newton's Law of Convection 161
4.2 Elementary Forced Convection: Heat Exchangers 166
4.2.1 Classification of Heat Exchangers 167
4.2.2 Fluid Temperature Progress 168
4.2.3 Macroscopic Energy Balances and the Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient 170
4.2.4 Heat Exchanger Analysis 172
4.3 Fundamental Equation of Thermal Convection 176
4.3.1 Equation of Energy Conservation for a Fluid in Motion 176
4.3.2 Solution Strategy 181
4.3.3 Other Coordinate Systems 182
4.3.4 Turbulent Heat Transfer 182
4.4 Dimensionless Equations and Phenomenology of Convection 183
4.4.1 Forced Convection 184
4.4.2 Natural Convection 187
4.5 Convection Interactions: The Thermal Boundary Layer 192
4.5.1 Scale Analysis, Thicknesses Relationships 192
4.5.2 Analytical Solutions 198
4.5.3 Convection Analysis Using Correlations 200
4.5.4 Segregated Versus Conjugate Convection Analysis 205
4.6 Numerical Solution of Convection of Heat and Other Scalars 207
4.6.1 Steady-State Heat Convection 208
4.6.2 Unsteady-State Heat Convection 210
4.6.3 A Heat/Momentum Transfer-Joint Turbulent Model 211
4.7 Further Reading 214
References 214
5 Mass Transfer by Diffusion and Convection 215
5.1 Mass Transfer: The Underlying Physics and Basic Definitions 215
5.1.1 Multiphysics: Phases, Components, Species 216
5.1.2 Molecular Flow of Mass Components 216
5.1.3 Fick's Law of Diffusion 217
5.1.4 Mass and Molar Relationships for Mixtures 221
5.1.5 The Driving Material Property 223
5.1.6 Fick's Law Generalization 225
5.2 Elementary Diffusion: Concentration Distribution in the Steady State, 1-D 226
5.3 Fundamental Equation of Mass Transfer 228
5.3.1 Equation of Species Conservation in Rectangular Coordinates 228
5.3.2 BCs for the Fundamental Equation of Mass Transfer 232
5.3.3 Other Coordinate Systems 234
5.3.4 Mass/Heat Transfer Correspondence for Stationary Media 234
5.3.5 Turbulent Mass Transfer 236
5.4 Dimensionless Equation and Interactions in Convection Mass Transfer 238
5.4.1 Dimensional Analysis of Convection Mass Transfer 238
5.4.2 Boundary Layers and the Heat/Mass Transfer Similitude 243
5.4.3 Analogies Among Transport Phenomena 245
5.5 Numerical Solution of Mass Transfer 250
5.5.1 Steady-State Mass Convection 250
5.5.2 Unsteady-State Mass Convection 251
5.6 Further Reading 252
References 253
6 Modeling Examples of PCB Processes 254
6.1 Boundary Layer Simulation to Evaluate Sailboat Performance 254
6.2 Cooling of Cylindrical Substrates in a Complex Flow Field by a Conjugate Formulation 261
6.3 Moist Substrates Subject to Intense Heat Generation 269
6.4 Formation and Distribution of Harmful Compounds in Foodstuff Due to Applied Heat 278
6.5 Transport in Biostructures: From Microbial Spread to Tumor Growth Modeling 285
Reference 292
Index 293

This text offers an introduction to multiple transport phenomena as they occur in various fields of physics and technology like transport of momentum, heat, and matter. These phenomena are found in a number of physical processes in the fields of chemical, food, biomedical, and environmental biotechnology. The book puts a special emphasis on modeling both purely diffusive mechanisms and macroscopic transport such as heat and mass convection and Navier-Stokes equations. To allow the best applicability of the various concepts, they are presented with a synthesis of simplicity of exposure with respect to completeness. The book includes more than 80 graphs and figures, to facilitate the understanding of the various topics. It also presents many examples will be made throughout the text. To control that the learned materials is properly understood various exercises are included

Front Matter ....Pages i-xviii
Transport Phenomena and Multiphysics Modeling (Gianpaolo Ruocco)....Pages 1-12
Heat Transfer by Conduction (Gianpaolo Ruocco)....Pages 13-66
Momentum Transfer (Gianpaolo Ruocco)....Pages 67-144
Heat Transfer by Convection (Gianpaolo Ruocco)....Pages 145-199
Mass Transfer by Diffusion and Convection (Gianpaolo Ruocco)....Pages 201-239
Modeling Examples of PCB Processes (Gianpaolo Ruocco)....Pages 241-279
Back Matter ....Pages 281-284

2018-03-04