This book presents important developments in green chemistry, with a particular focus on composite materials chemistry. In recent years, natural polymers have generated much interest due to their unique morphology and physical properties. The book gives an introductory overview of green composites, and discusses their emerging interdisciplinary applications in various contemporary fields. The chapters, written by leading experts from industry and academia, cover different aspects of biodegradable green composites and natural polymers including their processing, manufacturing, properties, and applications. This book will be a valuable reference for beginners, researchers as well as industry professionals interested in biodegradable composites.

lgrsnf/2312.pdf

scihub/10.1007/978-981-15-9643-8.pdf

Biodegradable Polymeric Materials for Medicinal Applications

Sabu Thomas,Preetha Balakrishnan (eds.)

Thomas, Sabu; Balakrishnan, Preetha

Martina Geisen

Sobhi Daniel

Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd Fka Springer Science + Business Media Singapore Pte Ltd

Materials horizons: from nature to nanomaterials, Singapore, Singapore, 2021

Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials, 1st ed, Singapore, 2021

Springer Nature, Singapore, 2021

1st ed. 2021, 2021

sci-hub for update

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Preface
Contents
About the Editors
1 Green Composites: Introductory Overview
1 Introduction
2 Types of Green Composites
2.1 Biodegradable Polymer
2.2 Bio-Fiber
2.3 Green Composites
3 Applications
4 Properties
4.1 Mechanical Properties
4.2 Thermal Properties
4.3 Biodegradability
5 Processing
6 Machining and Joining Behavior
7 Conclusions
8 Future Scope
References
2 Green Composite Using Agricultural Waste Reinforcement
1 Introduction
2 Agricultural Waste Composites
2.1 Oil Palm Shell Reinforced Composites
2.2 Palm Oil Clinker Reinforced Composites
2.3 Coconut Shell Reinforced Composites
2.4 Cellulosic Fibres Composites
3 Agricultural Waste-Based Metal Matrix Composites
4 Conclusion
References
3 Green Fiber Thermoplastic Composites
1 Composite Materials
1.1 Thermoplastic Polymers
1.2 Green Fibers
2 Green Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites
2.1 Mechanical Properties
2.2 Water Absorption Properties
2.3 Thermal Properties
3 Applications
4 Conclusion
References
4 Processing and Properties of Starch-Based Thermoplastic Matrix for Green Composites
1 Introduction
2 Processing of Starch-Based Green Composites
2.1 Processing of Starch Matrix Composites
2.2 Processing of Starch Blend Matrix Composites
3 Properties of Starch-Based Green Composites
3.1 Properties of Starch Matrix Composites
3.2 Properties of Starch Blend Matrix Composites
4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
References
5 Green Composites from Sustainable Cellulose Nanofibrils
1 Cellulose and Nanocellulose
2 Cellulose Nanofibrils (CNFs)
3 Green Composites
4 Experimental Studies
5 Conclusions
References
6 Green Composite as an Adequate Material for Automotive Applications
1 Introduction
2 Natural Fibers Material for the Automotive Industry
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Natural Fibers for a Green Composite
2.3 Classification of Cellulosic Textile Fibers
2.4 Properties of the Textile Fibers
2.5 Natural Fibers Treatments
2.6 Agriculture Waste
3 Application of Natural Fiber Composites
3.1 Application of Textile Material for Sound Absorption in Automobile
3.2 Acoustic Absorption of Natural Fiber Composites (NFC)
3.3 Acoustic Characterization of Natural Fibers Agro-residuals
3.4 Recycled Textile Materials
4 Natural Fiber–Polymer Composites Design for the Automotive Industry
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Natural Fiber Composites for the Automotive Industry
4.3 Natural Fiber–Polymer Composites (NFPC)
4.4 Polymers for NF in the Automotive Composite
4.5 Some Aspects of Natural Fibers Composite Design
4.6 Some Mechanical Properties of NFC
References
7 Development and Characterization of PLA-Based Green Composites: Experimental and Simulation Studies
1 Introduction
2 Characteristics of PLA and Its Composites
3 Modeling of Solid and Shell Composites
4 Composite Preparation and Testing
5 Results and Discussion
6 Comparative Analysis of the Mechanical Properties
7 Conclusions
References
8 Green Hydrogels
1 Introduction
2 History
3 Physical and Chemical Properties
4 Mechanical Properties
5 Porosity and Permeation
6 Applications of Hydrogels
6.1 Diapers
6.2 Perfume Delivery
6.3 Plastic Surgery
6.4 Environmental Applications
6.5 Electrophoresis and Proteomic
6.6 Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering
6.7 Cardiac Applications
6.8 Dental Applications
7 Conclusions
References
9 Green Composites from Renewable Sources
1 Introduction
2 An Insight to Green Composites
2.1 Classification of Fibres
2.2 Extensive Role of Fibre Units
2.3 Polymer Matrices
2.4 Fibre Extraction Procedure
2.5 Pre-treatment of Fibres
2.6 Biopolymers
2.7 Bio-based Thermosetting Materials
2.8 Parameters Impacting Composite Strength
2.9 Rheology and Processing Techniques
2.10 Merits
2.11 Demerits
2.12 Applications
2.13 Moving Towards Environmental Sustainability
2.14 Considerations on Environmental Impact
3 Conclusion
References
10 Recent Trends in the Surface Modification of Natural Fibers for the Preparation of Green Biocomposite
1 Introduction
2 Issues with Natural Fibers
3 Different Surface Treatment Methodologies for Natural Fiber
3.1 Physical Treatment
3.2 Chemical Treatment Methodologies
3.3 Biochemical Treatment (Enzymatic and Fungi)
4 Conclusion
References
11 Lignin Nanoparticles and Their Biodegradable Composites
1 Overview of Natural Bioresources
1.1 Classification of Bioresources
1.2 Agricultural by-Products
2 Overview of Lignin and Lignin Nanoparticles (NPs)
2.1 Lignin
2.2 Lignin Nanoparticles (NPs)
3 Conventional Synthesis Methods of Lignin NPs
3.1 Acid/Alkaline Precipitation Method
3.2 Self-assembly
3.3 Polymerization Followed by Surface Modification
3.4 Compressed CO2 Anti-solvent Strategy
3.5 Chemo-Mechanical Methods
4 Sustainable Synthesis of Lignin NPs
4.1 Microwave-Assisted Strategy
4.2 Ultrasonication
4.3 Biological Methods
4.4 Flash Precipitation
5 Biodegradable Composites
5.1 Lignin Biodegradable Composites
5.2 Lignin NPs Biodegradable Composites
6 Value-Added Applications of Lignin NPs
6.1 Medicine and Pharmaceuticals
6.2 Metallic Nanoparticles Synthesis
6.3 Crosslinking Agent
6.4 Antimicrobial
6.5 Others
7 Industrial Applications
8 Issues and Challenges
9 Future Recommendations
References
12 Recent Trends in Surface Modification of Natural Fibres for Their Use in Green Composites
1 Introduction
2 Chemical Approaches for Surface Modification of Natural Fibres
2.1 Alkaline Treatment
2.2 Silane Treatment
2.3 Acetylation Treatment
2.4 Benzoylation Treatment
2.5 Peroxide Treatment
2.6 Maleated Coupling Agents
2.7 Other Treatments
3 Physical Treatment Modifications
3.1 Plasma Treatment
3.2 Corona Treatment
3.3 Ultraviolet Treatments
3.4 Thermal Treatments
4 The Effect of Surface Modification of Natural Fibres on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of the Green Composites
4.1 Mechanical Properties
4.2 Thermal Properties
5 Conclusions
References
13 Biodegradable Polymeric Materials for Medicinal Applications
1 Introduction
2 Classification of Biodegradable Polymeric Materials
3 Commonly Used Natural and Synthetic Polymers
4 Mechanisms of Biodegradation in Polymers
4.1 Oxidative Mechanism
4.2 Hydrolysis
4.3 Enzymatic Degradation
5 Design Principles of Biodegradable Polymeric Materials for Medicinal Applications
6 Biomedical Applications of Biodegradable Polymers
7 Drug Delivery Devices
8 Surgical and Orthopedic Devices
9 Wound Dressings
10 Dental Applications
11 Cardiovascular Applications
12 Tissue Engineering Applications
13 Conclusions
References
14 Applications of Biodegradable Green Composites
1 Introduction
2 Applications of Green Composites
2.1 Biomedical Applications
2.2 Food Packaging
2.3 Adsorption Applications
2.4 Electronics
2.5 Construction Applications
2.6 Other Applications
3 Conclusion
References
15 Mechanical Properties of Flax-Cotton Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites
1 Introduction
2 Materials and Methods
2.1 Materials
2.2 Fabrication Method of the Composite Samples
3 Mechanical Testing of the Composite Samples
4 Results and Discussion
5 Tensile Behavior
6 Flexural Behavior
7 Impact Behavior
8 Conclusion
References
16 Green Composite Film Synthesized from Agricultural Waste for Packaging Applications
1 Introduction
1.1 Agro-waste
1.2 Classification of Agricultural Waste
1.3 Chemical Composition of Agricultural Waste
2 Green Packaging Film Synthesized from Agricultural Waste
3 Some Improving Interfacial Interaction Techniques for Polymer/Agro-waste Composites
3.1 Physical Pretreatment
3.2 Chemical Pretreatment
3.3 Biological Pretreatment
3.4 Physicochemical Pretreatment
4 Various Testing Methods for Analyzing the Characteristics of Green Packaging Film
4.1 Water Vapor Transmission Rate and Water Vapor Permeability
4.2 Tensile Test
4.3 Dart Impact Test
4.4 Contact Angle Test
4.5 Optical Characteristics Test
4.6 Thermal Stability Test
5 Conclusion
References
17 Green Composites for Application in Antistatic Packaging
1 Introduction
1.1 Antistatic Packaging
1.2 Methods to Obtain Polymeric Materials with Antistatic Properties
1.3 Glassy Carbon: A Green Antistatic Agent
1.4 Green Polymer for the Production of Antistatic Packaging
2 Experimental Section: Production of Green Composites for Antistatic Packaging and Properties Analysis
2.1 Obtainment Process of Glassy Carbon, Milling and Structural Characterization
2.2 Processing of Green LDPE/GC Composites
2.3 Processing of PHBV/GC Composites
2.4 Mechanical, Thermal, Electrical, and Biodegradability Tests
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
18 Green Preparation and Environmental Applications of Some Electrospun Fibers
1 Introduction
2 Preparation of Electrospinning Nanocomposite Membrane and Its Adsorption and Degradation of Organic Dyes in Wastewater
2.1 Bioinspired Polydopamine Sheathed Nanofibers Containing Carboxylate Graphene Oxide Nanosheet for High-Efficient Dyes Scavenger
2.2 Preparation of TiO2 Nanoparticles Modified Electrospun Nanocomposite Membranes Toward Efficient Dye Degradation for Wastewater Treatment
2.3 Polydopamine-Coated Electrospun Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/poly(Acrylic Acid) Membranes as Efficient Dye Adsorbent with Good Recyclability
2.4 Fabrication and Highly Efficient Dye Removal Characterization of Beta-Cyclodextrin-Based Composite Polymer Fibers by Electrospinning
2.5 Self-assembled AgNP-Containing Nanocomposites Constructed by Electrospinning as Efficient Dye Photocatalyst Materials for Wastewater Treatment
3 Preparation of Electrospun Nanofiber and Characterization of Catalytic Performance
3.1 Scalable Fabrication of Nanoporous Carbon Fiber Films as Bifunctional Catalytic Electrodes for Flexible Zn-Air Batteries
3.2 Carbon Nanofiber-Supported PdNi Alloy Nanoparticles as Highly Efficient Bifunctional Catalysts for Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution Reactions
3.3 Preparation of Palladium Nanoparticles Decorated Polyethyleneimine/Polycaprolactone Composite Fibers Constructed by Electrospinning with Highly Efficient and Recyclable Catalytic Performances
4 Hierarchical Electrospun Nanofibers Treated by Solvent Vapor Annealing as Air Filtration Mat for High-Efficiency PM2.5 Capture
5 Conclusions and Remarks
References
19 Green Composites Films with Antibacterial Properties
1 Introduction
2 Green Biopolymers
3 Carbon Nanomaterials
4 Green Alginate-Based Composite Films
4.1 Green Alginate-Based Composite Films
4.2 Green PHBV-Based Composite Films
5 Conclusions
References
20 Green Composites from Medicinal Plants
1 Introduction
1.1 Properties of Composites
1.2 Applications of Composites
1.3 Nanocomposites
2 Experimental Methods
2.1 Synthetic Methods of Nanocomposites
2.2 Green Synthesis of Nanocomposites
2.3 Green Synthetic Procedure
3 Discussion
3.1 Characterization of the Green Composites
3.2 Therapeutical Applications of Green Nanocomposites Synthesized from Medicinal Plants
4 Conclusion
References
21 Green Approaches to Prepare Polymeric Composites for Wastewater Treatment
1 Introduction
2 Green Composites—Promising and Sustainable Alternatives for Wastewater Treatment
3 Various Polymers-Based Green Composites for Wastewater Treatment
4 Why Chitosan in Wastewater Treatment?
5 Preparation of Chitosan-Based Green Composites (CGCs)
5.1 Chitosan–Cellulose Acetate Composites
5.2 Chitosan-Calcium Alginate Composites
5.3 Chitosan-Clay Composites
5.4 Hydroxyapatite–Chitosan Composites
6 Removal of Heavy Metals from Industrial Wastewater Using CGCs
7 Removal of Dyes from Industrial Wastewater Using CGCs
8 Conclusions and Future Directions
References
22 Molecular Imprinted Nanocomposites for Green Chemistry
1 Nanocomposites
2 Green Chemistry
3 Molecular Imprinting in Green Chemistry
4 Green Nanocomposite Materials
4.1 Cellulose-Based Nanocomposite
5 Polymeric-Based Nanocomposite
6 Carbon Nanotube-Based Nanocomposites
7 Quantum Dots-Based Nanocomposite
7.1 Carbon Quantum Dots-Based Nanocomposite
7.2 Graphene Quantum Dots-Based Nanocomposite
8 Conclusion
References
23 Review of Chemical Treatments of Natural Fibers: A Novel Plastination Approach
1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Structure and Chemical Composition
2.2 Interfacial Adhesion
2.3 Moisture Absorption Properties
2.4 Microbial Attack
2.5 Flammability
3 Chemical Treatments
3.1 Alkaline
3.2 Acetylation
3.3 Maleated Coupling Agents
3.4 Plastination: A New Approach
4 Outlook and Conclusions
References

2021-10-06