The total area of planted forest (composed of trees established through planting and/or through deliberate seeding of native or introduced species) is estimated to be 264 million hectares, corresponding to 6.6 % of the forest area. Since 1990 the planted forest area has steadily increased in all regions and subregions defined by FAO (2006). It increased by more than 3.6 M ha per year from 1990 to 2000, by 5.6 M ha per year from 2000 to 2005, and by 4.2 M ha per year from 2005 to 2010. Around 76 % of planted forests has production as their primary function.Most of the planted forest was established through afforestation particularly in China. Three-quarters of all planted forests consist of native species while 25 % comprises introduced species. East Asia, Europe and North America reported the greatest area of planted forests, together accounting for about 75 % of global planted forest area. Among the ten countries with the highest annual increase in planted forest areas, China takes the first rank in the past 20-year period, followed by the United States of America, Canada and India. These four countries together account for an average annual increase in planted forests of 3.3 M ha over this period. Given this trend, a further rise in the planted forest area up to 300 M ha by 2020 can be anticipated. Planted forest expansion helped reduce the net loss of forest area to 5.2 M ha per year in the last decade, compared with the gross rate of loss through J.L. de Moraes Gonçalves ( ) • L.

scihub/10.1007/978-94-017-8899-1_4.pdf

{"container_title":"The Management of Industrial Forest Plantations","first_page":91,"issns":["1568-1319","2352-3956"],"last_page":119}

Referenced by: doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2003.10.005 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2012.07.045 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2008.12.025 doi:10.2307/2403568 doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(97)00026-1 doi:10.1093/treephys/tpn010 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.044 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2010.01.012 doi:10.1080/00049158.2004.10674947 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2012.12.030 doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(02)00460-7 doi:10.1093/treephys/20.5-6.289 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.02.024 doi:10.1590/s0103-90162003000200005 doi:10.1023/a:1012271616115 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.020 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2012.09.019 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.019 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2012.09.033 doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(97)00112-6 doi:10.5589/m06-030 doi:10.1590/s0100-06831999000100002 doi:10.1093/treephys/20.5-6.383 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2005.02.028 doi:10.1155/2012/908465 doi:10.2989/south.for.2008.70.2.6.534 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.06.010 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.10.008 doi:10.1016/0378-1127(90)90149-6 doi:10.1023/a:1006562225915 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.022 doi:10.1007/978-94-011-1270-3_8 doi:10.1093/aob/mcg093 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2009.06.029 doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2007.03.060 doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03649-5_21 doi:10.1007/s13595-011-0124-9 doi:10.1079/9780851996776.0037 doi:10.4206/bosque.1999.v20n1-09 doi:10.1590/s0100-83582000000300002 doi:10.1590/s0100-83582011000400022 doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2011.08.006 doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2009000900010