Gershon Galil's study examines the formation of the books included in the "Deuteronomistic Composition", and the historical and theological perceptions of the Deuteronomist (Dtr), who composed the "Deuteronomistic Composition" during the Babylonia exile, and completed it ca. 560 BCE. According to the author, the "Deuteronomistic Composition" included not only the books of Deuteronomy, Joshua-Kings, but the book of Jeremiah as well. Deuteronomy is the preface to this composition, and Jeremiah seals it; in Deuteronomy the path is demarcated and the norms are fixed; the body of the composition, namely the books from Joshua to Kings, presents a detailed history of the relation between God and Israel, from the conquest of the good land to the destruction of the Temple and the loss of the land. The book of Jeremiah, which concludes the composition, discusses at length the decline and fall of Judah, analyzes the sins that brought about the destruction, and at the same time propagates the gospel of redemption among the exiles. Like Moses, who predicts exile but also redemption, Jeremiah is the prophet of destruction but also of redemption. So Dtr examines the past according to the principles of the "Torah of Moses" (Deuteronomy) - and delineates the future in light of God's word in the mouth of His prophets - primarily Moses and Jeremiah. God's eternal love for Israel is the main tenet of Dtr's worldview. In his opinion, the bond between the Lord and Israel is endless. Its beginning is in the days of the Patriarchs but it will never end. As the relationship is everlasting, the nation of Israel is divine by nature: eternal and holy. The circular nature of the relationship between God and His people implies, in essence, a reality of closeness and distance, affection and anger, sin and repentance, punishment and salvation. Fulfillment of the word of God is one of the central motifs of the "Deuteronomistic Composition". Since the main message of Dtr is that God promises Israel a return to the land, eternal love and an everlasting covenant, the people may wonder whether God's promises can be trusted. The answer comes in many scriptures that emphasize the fulfillment of the word of God and teach that God's promises can always be trusted.

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Galil, Gershon;

ISD

Ägypten und Altes Testament, Münster, 2022

ISD Distribution, Münster, 2022

Germany, Germany

S.l, 2022

producers:
Acrobat Distiller 10.1.16 (Windows)

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Foreword
Contents
Chapter I: The Scope and Literary Structure
of the Deuteronomistic Composition
I.1 The Scope of the Deuteronomistic Composition
I.2 The Literary Structure of the Deuteronomistic Composition
Chapter II:
The Chronological Framework of the Deuteronomistic Composition
II.1 From the Exodus to the Establishment of the Temple
II.2 From the Establishment of the Temple to its Destruction
II.2.1 From the Schism to Jehu’s Revolt
II.2.2 From Jehu’s Revolt to the Fall of Samaria
II.2.3 From the Fall of Samaria to the Fall of Jerusalem
II.3 The Seventy-Years Era and Jehojachin’s Release
Chapter III: The Formation of the Book of Deuteronomy
III.1 Doublets and Contradictions in the Book of Deuteronomy
III.1.1 Two Introductions
III.1.2 The Borders of the Land
III.1.3 Was Transjordan Included in the Land of Israel or in Moab?
III.1.4 Moses: Sin and Punishment
III.1.5 The Names of the Mountain of God
III.1.6 The Cities of Refuge
III.1.7 Joshua in the Book of Deuteronomy
III.1.8 The Centralization of Worship in the Book of Deuteronomy
III.1.9 Pillars in the Book of Deuteronomy
III.1.10 The Relations with Edom, Moab and Ammon
III.1.11 Exile and Redemption in the Book of Deuteronomy
III.1.12 Deuteronomic and Deuteronomistic Phraseology in the Book of Deuteronomy
III.2 The Layers of the Book of Deuteronomy
III.3 The First Edition of the Book of Deuteronomy (D)
III.3.1 The Choice of the Place and the Concentration of Worship
III.3.2 The Choice of Israel and its Holiness
III.3.3 Levites in Deuteronomy
III.3.4 The Attitudes Towards Monarchy in Deuteronomy
III.3.5 Concern for the Poor and Weak in the Book of Deuteronomy
III.3.6 “The Lord, our Lord, is One Lord:” The Uniqueness and Unity of the Lord in Deuteronomy
III.3.7 The Land in the Book of Deuteronomy
III.3.8 A Comparison of the Laws in the Deuteronomic Code with the Laws in the Book of the Covenant, the Priestly Source and the Holiness Code
III.3.9 Northern Sources of the Book of Deuteronomy
III.4 The Second Edition of the Book of Deuteronomy (Dtr)
III.4.1 The Opening Paragraph of the Book of Deuteronomy
III.4.2 The Preface to the Book of Deuteronomy (Deut 1:1 – 4:43)
III.4.2.1 The Appointment of Judges (Deut 1:9–18)
III.4.2.2 The Story of the Spies (Deut 1:19–46)
III.4.2.3 From Kadesh-Barnea to Arnon River and the Conquest of Transjordan (Deut 2:1 – 3:29)
III.4.2.4 A Preaching Sermon (Deut 4:1–40)
III.4.3 A Deuteronomistic Opening to the Deuteronomic Code (Deut 4:44, 46–49)
III.4.4 The Concluding Literary Division of the Book of Deuteronomy
III.4.4.1 The Covenant in Transjordan (Deut 29–30)
III.4.4.2 Joshua in Deuteronomy
III.4.4.3 Repentance, Redemption and the Eternity of God’s Covenant with Israel
III.4.4.4 The Book of Torah
III.4.4.5 Deut 31
III.4.4.5.1 Speech No. 10 (Deut 31:1–8)
III.4.4.5.2 Speech No. 11 (Deut 31:9–13)
III.4.4.5.3 Speech No. 12 (Deut 31:14–23)
III.4.4.5.4 Speech No. 13 (Deut 31:24–29)
III.5 The Liturgical Speeches in Deuteronomy
Chapter IV:
The Formation of the Book of Joshua
IV.1 Doublets and Contradictions in the Book of Joshua
IV.1.1 The Conquest
IV.1.2 The Borders of the Land
IV.1.3 The Tribe of Judah
IV.1.4 Joshua and Moses in the Book of Joshua
IV.1.5 The Inheritance of the Tribe of Levi
IV.1.6 Different Styles and More Doublets
IV.1.7 Priests and Levites in Joshua
IV.2 Four Editions of the Book of Joshua
IV.2.1 The First Edition of the Book of Joshua: The Conquest of the Land (The Northern Edition)
IV.2.2 The Second Edition: The Conquest and Settlement (The Judean Edition)
IV.2.3 The Third Edition of the Book of Joshua (The Deuteronomistic Edition)
IV.2.4 The Fourth Edition of the Book of Joshua (The Priestly Edition)
Chapter V: The Formation of the Book of Judges
V.1 Doublets and Contradictions in the Book of Judges
V.1.1 Theocracy or Monarchy
V.1.2 The Tribe of Judah
V.1.3 The Tribe of Benjamin
V.1.4 The Sins of Israel
V.1.5 “Major Judges” and “Minor Judges”
V.2 Four Editions of the Book of Judges
V.2.1 The First Edition of the Book of Judges (“The Book of the Saviors”)
V.2.2 The Second Edition of the Book of Judges (The Judahite Edition)
V.2.3 The Third Edition of the Book of Judges (The Deuteronomistic Edition)
V.2.4 The Fourth Edition of the Book of Judges (The Priestly Edition)
Chapter VI: The Formation of the Book of Samuel
VI.1 Doublets and Contradictions in the Book of Samuel
VI.1.1 Attitudes Towards Kingship
VI.1.2 Attitudes Towards David: Apology and Justification Versus Criticism
VI.1.3 Attitudes Towards Saul and Benjamin: Praise Versus Polemic and Criticism
VI.1.4 Three Versions of Saul’s Coronation
VI.1.5 Attitudes Towards the House of Eli, Saul and Ebiathar the Priest
VI.1.6 The Amalekites
VI.1.7 Additional Duplications and Possible Contradictions in the Book of Samuel
VI.2 The Book of Samuel: Sources and Editions
VI.3 The Sources of the First Edition of the Book of Samuel
VI.3.1 The Book of Saviors
VI.3.2 The Acts of Saul
VI.3.2.1 Saul’s Election and Legitimation
VI.3.2.2 Saul’s Victory Over the Philistines
VI.3.2.3 Saul’s Victory Over the Amalekites
VI.3.2.4 Summary of Saul’s Wars and Genealogy
VI.3.3 The Acts of David
VI.3.3.1 The Justification of David (The Apology)
VI.3.3.2 The Legitimacy of David and the Delegitimizing of Saul
VI.3.3.3 Criticism of Joab
VI.3.3.4 Emphasizing David’s Military and Political Achievements
VI.3.3.5 Attitudes Towards the House of Eli, Saul and Ebiathar the Priest
VI.3.4 The “Book of Jashar”
VI.4 The First Edition of the Book of Samuel
VI.4.1 The Structure of the First Edition of the Book of Samuel
VI.4.2 The Tendencies of the Author of the First Edition of the Book of Samuel
VI.4.2.1 Attitudes Towards the House of Eli and Ebiathar the Priest
VI.4.2.2 Attitudes Towards Saul and Benjamin
VI.4.2.3 Polemics Against Joab
VI.4.2.4 Attitudes Towards David and Solomon’s Elder Brothers
VI.5 The Second Edition of the Book of Samuel (The Deuteronomistic Edition)
Chapter VII: The Formation of the Book of Kings
VII.1 Doublets and Contradictions in the Book of Kings
VII.2 The Sources of the Book of Kings
VII.2.1 The First Edition of the Book of Samuel
VII.2.2 “The Book of the Acts of Solomon”
VII.2.3 “The Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah”
VII.2.4 “The Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel”
VII.2.5 Northern Prophetic Sources
VII.2.6 Southern Prophetic Sources
VII.2.7 Other Sources
VII.2.8 Glosses
VII.3 Deuteronomistic Editing in the Book of Kings
VII.3.1 Scope and Content
VII.3.2 Opening Formulas
VII.3.3
Evaluations of the Kings of Israel and Judah
VII.3.4
Were There Several Deuteronomistic Editors of the Book of Kings or Just One?
VII.3.5
Reward, Punishment and the Message of the Book of Kings
VII.3.6
The Literary Structure of the Deuteronomistic Edition of the Book of Kings
VII.4 Priestly Additions in the Book of Kings
Chapter VIII:
The Formation of the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.1 The Book of Jeremiah: Contradictions and Evidence of its Formation
VIII.1.1 Attitudes Towards the Wandering in the Wilderness
VIII.1.2 The Future of David’s House
VIII.1.3 Jehoiakim and Jehoiachin
VIII.1.4 “The LORD is Our Righteousness” – The Name of a King or of a City?
VIII.1.5 Reward and Punishment in the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.1.6 Attitudes Toward Worship in the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.1.7 Internal Evidence for the Formation of the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.1.8 The Greek Version and the Formation of the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.1.9 Stylistic and Linguistic Differences in the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.2 The Main Layers of the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.3 The Literary Genres
VIII.4 The Pre-Deuteronomistic Edition of the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.5 The Deuteronomistic Edition of the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.6 The Chronological Data in the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.7 Struggle Against Idolatry in the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.8 Concentration of Worship in the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.9 Social Injustices in the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.10 Retribution and Repentance in the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.11 Punishment: Destruction, Death and Exile in the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.12 Consolation and Redemption in the Book of Jeremiah
VIII.13 The Renewal of the Rule of the House of David
VIII.14 Post-Deuteronomistic Additions in the Book of Jeremiah
Chapter IX:
The Historical Conceptions of the Deuteronomist
IX.1 Dtr’s Attitude Towards his Sources
IX.2 The History of Israel
IX.2.1 The Patriarchs
IX.2.1 The Patriarchs
IX.2.2 Moses’ Age: The Exodus and the Wandering in the Wilderness
IX.2.2.1 The Chronological Framework of Moses’ Age
IX.2.2.2 The Exodus
IX.2.2.3 Appointment of Judges (Deut 1:9–18)
IX.2.2.4 The Story of the Spies (Deut 1:19–46)
IX.2.2.5 From Kadesh-Barnea to Arnon River and the Conquest of Transjordan (Deut 2:1 – 3:29)
IX.2.3 Joshua and the Conquest of the Land
IX.2.4 The Age of the Judges
IX.2.5 David
IX.2.6 Solomon
IX.2.7 From Jeroboam I to Omri (1 Kgs 12:1 – 16:14)
IX.2.8 The House of Omri
IX.2.9 The House of Jehu
IX.2.10 Ahaz, King of Judah
IX.2.11 The Fall of Israel
IX.2.12 Hezekiah
IX.2.13 Manasseh
IX.2.14 Josiah
IX.2.15 Destruction and Exile
Chapter X:
The Theological Perception of the Deuteronomist
X.1 God’s Eternal Love for His People Israel
X.2 God’s Eternal Covenant with the House of David
X.3 Attitude Towards Monarchy
X.4 The Temple
X.5 The Worship of God: Centralization of Worship and Sacrifices
X.6 Reward and Punishment
X.7 The Struggle Against Idolatry
X.8 Fulfillment of the Word of God
X.9 One Torah
X.10 Social Injustice
Appendix: The Deuteronomistic Phraseology
A.1 Eternal Love, Election and the Davidic Dynasty
A.1.1 Eternal Love and Election
A.1.2 The Davidic Dynasty
A.2 Covenant and Inheritance of the Land
A.2.1 Exodus and Covenant
A.2.2 Inheritance of the Land
A.3 Faith, Loyalty and its Reward
A.3.1 The Monotheistic Creed
A.3.2 Loyalty to the Covenant and its Reward
A.4 Centralization of Worship and the “Name” Theology
A.5 The Struggle Against Idolatry
A.5.1 Warnings Against Foreign Worship
A.5.2 The Polemic Against Idolatry
A.6 Sin and Punishment
A.6.1 Disloyalty
A.6.2 Punishment
A.7 The Fulfilment of the Word of YHWH
A.8 Rhetoric Phraseology
A.9 The Priests the Levites
Abbreviations
Bibliography
Indices
Index of Authors
Index of Scripture
Hebrew Bible
Babylonian Inscriptionsand Greek Writings
Index of Subjects

"Die Studie von Gershon Galil untersucht die Entstehung der Bücher, die in der "Deuteronomistischen Composition“ enthalten sind, und die historischen und theologischen Wahrnehmungen des Deuteronomisten (Dtr), der die "Deuteronomistische Composition“ während des babylonischen Exils verfasste und um ca. 560 v. Chr. vollendete. Nach Ansicht von Gershon Galil enthielt die "Deuteronomistische Composition“ nicht nur die Bücher Deuteronomium, Joshua-Kings, sondern auch das Buch Jeremia. Deuteronomium ist das Vorwort zu dieser Abhandlung, und Jeremia besiegelt sie; im Deuteronomium ist der Weg vorgezeichnet und die Normen festgelegt; Der Hauptteil der Komposition, nämlich die Bücher von Joshua bis Kings, präsentiert eine detaillierte Geschichte der Beziehung zwischen Gott und Israel, von der Eroberung des guten Landes bis zur Zerstörung des Tempels und dem Verlust des Landes. Das Buch Jeremia, das die Komposition abschließt, behandelt ausführlich den Niedergang und Fall Judas, analysiert die Sünden, die die Zerstörung bewirkten, und verbreitet gleichzeitig das Evangelium der Erlösung unter den Vertriebenen. Wie Moses, der Exil, aber auch Erlösung vorhersagt, ist Jeremia der Prophet der Zerstörung, aber auch der Erlösung. So untersucht Dtr die Vergangenheit nach den Prinzipien der "Tora des Mose“ (Deuteronomium) - und skizziert die Zukunft im Lichte des Wortes Gottes im Mund Seiner Propheten - hauptsächlich Moses und Jeremias. Gottes ewige Liebe zu Israel ist der Hauptgrundsatz von Dtrs Weltanschauung. Seiner Ansicht nach ist das Band zwischen Gott und Israel endlos. Sein Anfang liegt in den Tagen der Patriarchen, aber er wird niemals enden. Da die Beziehung ewig ist, ist die Nation Israel von Natur aus göttlich: ewig und heilig. Die kreisförmige Natur der Beziehung zwischen Gott und seinem Volk impliziert im Wesentlichen eine Realität von Nähe und Distanz, Zuneigung und Zorn, Sünde und Reue, Bestrafung und Erlösung. Die Erfüllung des Wortes Gottes ist eines der zentralen Motive der "Deuteronomistischen Composition“. Da die Hauptbotschaft von Dtr darin besteht, dass Gott Israel eine Rückkehr in das Land, ewige Liebe und einen ewigen Bund verspricht, fragen sich die Menschen vielleicht, ob man Gottes Verheißungen vertrauen kann. Die Antwort kommt in vielen Schriftstellen, die die Erfüllung des Wortes Gottes betonen und lehren, dass Gottes Verheißungen immer vertraut werden kann"

2023-06-18