Title Page 5
Copyright Page 6
Table of Contents 3
Preface 10
General abbreviations 12
Map 13
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 14
CHAPTER TWO: THE PRE-SARGONIC PERIOD 20
2.1. Ebla 20
2.1.1. (d)BE in context 23
2.1.1.1. Offering lists of the 'official cult' 24
2.1.1.2. Offerings (n í d b a) and gifts (n í g - b a) to dBE 25
2.1.1. 3. The bureaucracy of the temples 33
2.1.1.4. The temple personnel 34
2.1.1.5. The market of dBE 35
2.1.1.6. Local dedications of dBE and the cult 36
2.1.2. Dagan and BE in the onomasticon 39
2.1.2.1. Dagan in the onomasticon 39
2.1.2.2. BE in the onomasticon 43
2.1.3. (d)BE and Dagan at Ebla 48
2.2. Mari 52
2.3. Tell Beydar 53
2.4. Conclusions 54
CHAPTER THREE: THE SARGONIC AND UR III PERIODS 55
3.1. Dagan in the Babylonian sources 55
3.1.1. Sargonic Period 55
3.1.1.1. The Sargonic royal inscriptions 56
3.1.1.2. Dagan in Sargonic onomastics 59
3.1.2. Ur III period 61
3.1.2.1. Offerings to Dagan 61
3.1.2.2. Dagan in the Ur III onomasticon 69
3.2. Dagan in Syrian sources 70
3.2.1. The royal inscriptions from the Šakkanakkum period 71
3.2.2. The onomasticon of Mari in the Šakkanakkum period 73
3.3. Conclusions 74
CHAPTER FOUR: THE OLD BABYLONIAN PERIOD 75
4.1. Rituals, festivals and liturgical acts 78
4.1.1 Dagan and the kispum ritual 78
4.1.2. The pagrā′um 83
4.1.3. The liptum 86
4.1.4. The urubātum of Dagan 87
4.1.5. Other rituals 88
4.2. Dagan and the worship of Betyls 89
4.3. The sacrifices to Dagan 91
4.4. The pantheons 97
4.4.1. The pantheon of the palace 98
4.4.2. The pantheon of the women of the palace 102
4.5. Dagan and Ninḫursag in the texts from Mari 103
4.6. Local dedications of Dagan 107
4.6.1. The Dagan of Terqa 107
4.6.1.1. The temple of Dagan in Terqa and the cult personnel 108
4.6.1.2. The cult of the Dagan of Terqa 114
4.6.1.3. Objects made for the Dagan of Terqa 120
4.6.1.4. Dagan of Terqa and Yakrub-El 127
4.6.1.5. The Dagan of Terqa and political affairs 130
4.6.2. The Dagan of Tuttul 131
4.6.3. The Dagan of Mari 139
4.6.3.1. The temple of Dagan in Mari 139
4.6.3.2. The cultic rooms of the temple of Dagan of Mari 145
4.6.3.3. The cult of Dagan of Mari 147
4.6.4. The Dagan of Ṣubātum 147
4.6.5. The Dagan of Uraḫ 149
4.6.6. The Dagan of Ḫakkulān 152
4.6.7. The Dagan of Saggarātum 154
4.6.8. The Dagan of Zarri-amnān 154
4.6.9. The Dagan of Dašrān 155
4.6.10. Other sanctuaries 155
4.7. Dagan and oaths 156
4.8. Dagan and communication with worshippers 159
4.8.1. The prophetic message 160
4.8.1.1. The messages of the muḫḫû 161
4.8.1.2. The messages of the āpilū 164
4.8.1.3. The messages of the qammātum the assinnū and dreams 165
4.8.2. The divinatory message 167
4.9. Dagan and kingship 170
4.9.1. Yaḫdun-Līm 170
4.9.2. The eponym period 171
4.9.3. Zimrī-Līm 175
4.9.4. The dynasty of the 'bedouin' kingdom of Terqa 181
4.9.5. The 'Bilingual Pantheon' of Mari 183
4.10. Dagan and menology 186
4.11. Dagan in the onomasticon 186
4.12. Conclusions 224
CHAPTER FIVE: THE MIDDLE BABYLONIAN PERIOD 227
5.1. The Middle Euphrates region 227
5.1.1. The writing dk u r 228
5.1.2. The rituals from Emar 229
5.1.2.1. The zukru festival 229
5.1.2.2. The kissu festival to Dagan 233
5.1.2.3. The enthronement of the maš′artu 236
5.1.2.4. The ritual of the imištu 236
5.1.2.5. The ritual of the ḫnpa of the oxen 237
5.1.2.6. The ritual of the (d)ar-ú-ri 237
5.1.2.7. The Ḫidašu of Dagan 238
5.1.2.8. Dagan and the divine dagger 242
5.1.3. The offering lists 242
5.1.4. Inventory of cultic material 246
5.1.5. Cult personnel connected with Dagan 246
5.1.6. Curses in the administrative texts 246
5.1.7. The seal of Ninurta 249
5.1.8. Local dedications of Dagan 250
5.1.8.1. Dagan, lord of Buzqa 250
5.1.8.2. Dagan, lord of Mišlā 250
5.1.8.3. Dagan, lord of Šūmi 251
5.1.8.4. Dagan, lord of Tabniya 251
5.1.8.5. Dagan, lord of Yabur 251
5.1.8.6. Dagan of Tuttul 251
5.1.9. The epithets of Dagan 252
5.1.9.1. Lord of the offspring 252
5.1.9.2. The lord creator 252
5.1.9.3. The very father 253
5.1.9.4. Lord of the valley 253
5.1.9.5. Lord of the riverbank 254
5.1.9.6. Lord of the camp 254
5.1.9.7. Lord of inhabited regions 254
5.1.9.8. Lord of the brick 255
5.1.9.9. Lord of the 'hole'? 255
5.1.9.10. Lord of protection and security 255
5.1.9.11. Lord of the guard 256
5.1.9.12. Lord of the quiver 256
5.1.9.13. Lord of seeds 256
5.1.9.14. The Dagan of the garden 257
5.1.9.15. Lord of consecration 257
5.1.9.16. Lord of the ordeal 258
5.1.9.17. Dagan of the name 258
5.1.9.18. Dagan ša ru-uḫ-ḫa-te 258
5.1.9.19. Dagan of the palace 259
5.1.10. Dagan's consort in Emar 259
5.1.11. Dagan in the onomasticon 263
5.2. Ugarit 277
5.2.1. The literary texts 277
5.2.2. The ritual and liturgical texts 279
5.2.3. The pgr-ceremony and the temple of Dagan in Ugarit 285
5.2.4. Dagan in the onomasticon 287
5.3. Mari 288
5.4. Alalaḫ 288
5.5. Dagan in Egyptian sources 289
5.6. Conclusions 289
CHAPTER SIX: THE CHARACTER OF DAGAN 291
6.1. Etymology and origin 291
6.2. Family 300
6.2.1. Wife 301
6.2.2. Sons 306
6.3. Comparison with other deities 308
6.3.1. Enlil 309
6.3.2. Kumarbi 312
6.3.3. El 313
6.4. The geographical spread of the cult of Dagan 316
6.5. Profile and atttributes 317
6.5.1. Father creator 317
6.5.2. The supposed underworld character of Dagan 318
Bibliographical abbreviations 320
Texts abbreviations 328
Bibliography 331
Indices 357
1. Personal Names 357
2. Divine Names 358
3. Place Names 361
4. Terms discussed 364
4.a. Semitic terms 364
4.b. Sumerian terms and logograms 364
5. General 365
6. Texts 365

zlib/no-category/Lluís Feliu/The God Dagan in Bronze Age Syria_25183440.pdf

9789004496316_webready_content_text.pdf

Culture and History of the Ancient near East Ser, Boston, 2003

Brill Book Archive Part 1, ISBN: 9789004472495, Leiden, 2003

Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden, 2003

Netherlands, Netherlands

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Subject of this book is the god Dagan (biblical Dagon), the principal deity of the Middle Euphrates region. Lluís Feliu, carefully analysing the sources from Ebla and Mari for the third millennium, from Mari for the Old Babylonian period and from Emar and Ugarit for the Middle Babylonian period, here gives a meticulous diachronic survey of the divine subject. A final chapter summarizes the results in describing the character of Dagan, his origin and his area of influence. Of particular interest to Assyriologists, to biblical scholars and to comparative religionists.

2023-06-01