Israel is, and always has been, a geographical, historical and most importantly cultural crossroads, linking three continents, three of the great ancient religions, and thousands of years of history and culture. Archaeology in this region has always been interested in urban areas, in ancient sites such as Jerusalem, but the rural area of this country has always been neglected. This is suprising considering that this has always been a region of small settlements, villagers, and herdsmen, such as those depicted in biblical sources. This study is aimed at depicting the wide ranges of rural lifestyles that have been present in Israel over the various periods of history. There are reports beginning with the Early Bronze age, passing through the Iron Age, Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, and ranging as far forward as the period of occupation under the Mamlukes. This effectively spans the periods from the late Prehistoric through to Modern times. There are 10 reports in this study, and they deal with various artificial aspects of the rural way of life in ancient Israel in terms of the history and archaeology of various sites, and these reports deal with a number of sites or areas during a specific time-span. Studies focus upon particular themes such as Economic Activities (e.g. agriculture or trade), Settlement Patterns and Processes, and the Physical Construction of rural sites (e.g. village layout, architecture, roads and communications). The ten studies present do not cover the area that so wide-ranging a general title would suggest, but they do cover a large range of topics and archaeological methods. The first topic in this report is one giving an overview of Landscape Archaeology in the Southern Levant Region, going over various methods and practices carried out. This gives a good introduction to the report, and subsequent reports gradually build up a picture of the rural landscape of Israel. One interesting and unusual approach is taken by the contribution of J.Schwartz, whose report on "Dogs in Ancient Rural Jewish Society" is of particular interest. This perspective of study focuses on rural Israel in terms of sheep/herding dogs, hunting dogs, guard dogs, and the kufri-dogs (a sort of tamed wild dog or Jackal). This is a good example of how this study tackles life in rural Israel and gives an interesting and approachable account.

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zlib/History/Archaeology/Aren M. Maeir, Shimʻon Dar, Zeev Safrai/The Rural Landscape of Ancient Israel_1179354.pdf

Rural Landscape of Ancient Israel (Bar International Series)

RURAL LANDSCAPE OF ANCIENT ISRAEL; ED. BY AREN M. MAEIR

Aren M Maeir; Shimʻon Dar; Zeev Safrai

Maeir, Aren M.

British Archaeological Reports

BAR Publishing

Hadrian Books

Archaeopress

BAR INTERNATIONAL SERIES; 1121, OXFORD, Unknown, 2003

BAR international series, 1121, Oxford, England, 2003

United Kingdom and Ireland, United Kingdom

October 2003

2011 12 30

lg741319

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From Wildscape To Landscape : Landscape Archaeology In The Southern Levant / Shimon Gibson -- Discontinuities In Rural Settlement In Early Bronze Age, Middle Bronze Age I Palestine / Raphael Greenberg -- The Rural Landscape Of Palestine In The Early Bronze Iv Period / William G. Dever -- Does Size Count? : Urban And Cultic Perspectives On The Rural Landscape During The Middle Bronze Age Ii / Aren Maeir -- The 10th Century B.c. Settlement Of The Negev Highlands And Iron Age Rural Palestine / Modechai Haiman -- The Farmstead In The Highlands Of Iron Age Ii Israel / Avraham Faust -- The Agrarian Structure In Palestine In The Time Of The Second Temple, Mishnah And Talmud / Zeʼev Safrai -- Dogs In Ancient Rural Jewish Society / Joshua Schwartz -- Street Villages And Rural Estate Centers : The Organization Of Rural Settlement In The Latin Kingdom Of Jerusalem / Adrian J. Boas -- Transformations In The Agriculture Of Al-sham During The Mamluk Period (1250-1517 Ce) / Zohar Amar. Edited By Aren M. Maeir, Shimon Dar, Zeʾev Safrai. Includes Bibliographical References.

By publishing these ten essays in English in the BAR series the research carried out by the contributors, and the evidence and fieldwork methodologies they cite, is made available to a much wider audience. This volume contains an important collection of case studies and overviews of rural settlement in Israel from late prehistory to the modern period. Addressing broad questions on the physical nature of settlements, their appearance and disappearance from the archaeological record, the relationship between rural and urban sites, settlement patterns and processes, and economic activities, the contributors offer a good cross-section of approaches to the subject.

2012-02-04