The second part emphasizes the techniques used for characterizing the structure and properties of nanomaterials, aiming at describing the physical mechanism, data interpretation, and detailed applications of the techniques.

纳米相和纳米结构材料应用 2 手册 英文版

纳米相和纳米结构材料———应用(II)手册

edited by Zhong Lin Wang, Yi Liu, and Ze Zhang

Qinghua University Press

Kluwer Academic/Plenum

SpringerLINK ebook collection, New York, ©2003

China, People's Republic, China

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Bookmarks: p1 (p1): 10 Nanomechanism of the Hexagonal-Cubic Phase Transition in Boron Nitride under High Pressure at High Temperature
p1-2 (p1): 10.1 Introduction
p1-3 (p2): 10.2 Processing Method to Get c-BN
p1-4 (p3): 10.3 Characterization Method
p1-5 (p4): 10.4 Phase Transition of Boron Nitride
p1-6 (p4): 10.4.1 Nanostructure of the Starting Material
p1-7 (p6): 10.4.2 Phases and Nanostructures Appearing during the Hexagonal-Cubic Transition
p1-8 (p16): 10.5 Mechanism of Hexagonal-Cubic Transition
p1-9 (p16): 10.5.1 Model for the Transition Mechanism
p1-10 (p19): 10.5.3 Facilitation of Synthesis of c-BN by Mechanochemical Effect
p1-11 (p19): 10.5.2 Atomic Movement during the Conversion from w-to c-BN
p1-12 (p22): 10.6 Prospect
p1-13 (p22): 10.7 Conclusions
p1-14 (p24): References
p2 (p26): 11 Nanomaterials for Energy Storage:Batteries and Fuel Cells
p2-2 (p26): 11.1 General Overview of Batteries and Fuel Cells
p2-3 (p26): 11.1.1 Introduction
p2-4 (p27): 11.1.2 An Overview of Batteries
p2-5 (p29): 11.1.3 An Overview of Fuel Cells
p2-6 (p33): 11.1.4 Importance of Nanomaterials in Batteries and Fuel Cells
p2-7 (p34): 11.2 Batteries and Nanomaterials
p2-8 (p34): 11.2.1 Classifications of Advanced Batteries
p2-9 (p37): 11.2.2 Major Components of Batteries
p2-10 (p39): 11.2.3 Applications of Nanomaterials in Advanced Batteries
p2-11 (p46): 11.2.4 Most Recent Developments
p2-12 (p46): 11.3 Fuel Cells and Nanomaterials
p2-13 (p46): 11.3.1 Classifications of Fuel Cell Systems
p2-14 (p49): 11.3.2 Major Components and Nanomaterials in Fuel Cells
p2-15 (p50): 11.3.3 Applications of Nanomaterials in Fuel Cells
p2-16 (p60): 11.3.4 Summary
p2-17 (p60): 11.4 Conclusions
p2-18 (p61): References
p2-19 (p69): 12.1 Introduction
p3 (p69): 12 Nanocomposites
p3-2 (p74): 12.2 General Features of Nanocomposites
p3-3 (p74): 12.2.1 Physical Sensitivity:Three Effects of Nanoparticles on Material Properties
p3-4 (p75): 12.2.2 Chemical Reactivity
p3-5 (p76): 12.2.3 Promising Improvements in Nanocomposites
p3-6 (p77): 12.2.4 Origin of Nanophases and Generating Stages
p3-7 (p79): 12.3 Ceramic-Based Nanocomposites
p3-8 (p80): 12.3.1 Strength Improvement of Ceramic-Based Nanocomposites
p3-9 (p84): 12.3.2 Toughening Effect of Nanoceramic Composites
p3-10 (p86): 12.3.3 Improvements of Nanoceramic Composites on Hardness and Wear
p3-11 (p86): 12.3.4 Superplasticity of Ceramic Nanocomposites
p3-12 (p88): 12.3.5 Improvement of Nanoceramic Composites on Creep
p3-13 (p89): 12.4 Metallic-Based Nanocomposites
p3-14 (p89): 12.3.6 Ceramic-Based Nanometallic Composites
p3-15 (p91): 12.5 Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
p3-16 (p93): 12.6 Summaries of Nanocomposites
p3-17 (p94): References
p4 (p96): 13 Growth and Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
p4-2 (p96): 13.1 Introduction
p4-3 (p97): 13.2 Synthetic Strategies for Various Nanotube Architectures
p4-4 (p97): 13.2.1 Chemical Vapor Deposition
p4-5 (p99): 13.2.2 Growth of Self-oriented Multi-Walled Nanotubes
p4-6 (p100): 13.2.3 Enable the Growth of Single-Walled Nanotubes by CVD
p4-7 (p102): 13.2.5 Growth of lsolated Single-Walled Nanotubes on Controlled Surface Sites
p4-8 (p102): 13.2.4 Growth Mechanism of SWNT
p4-9 (p104): 13.2.6 Growth of Suspended SWNTs With Directed Orientations
p4-10 (p106): 13.3 Physics in Atomically Well-Defined Nanowires
p4-11 (p106): 13.3.1 Integrated Circuits of Individual Single-Walled Nanotubes
p4-12 (p107): 13.3.2 Electron Transport Properties of Metallic Nanotubes
p4-13 (p110): 13.3.3 Electron Transport Properties of Semiconducting Nanotubes
p4-14 (p114): 13.3.4 Electron Transport Properties of Semiconducting Nanotubes with Small Band Gaps
p4-15 (p121): 13.4 Integrated Nanotube Devices
p4-16 (p121): 13.4.1 Nanotube Molecular Transistors With High Gains
p4-17 (p123): 13.5 Conclusions
p4-18 (p125): References
p4-19 (p128): 14.2 Theoretical Prediction
p4-20 (p128): 14.1 Introduction
p5 (p128): 14 Nanomaterials from Light-Element Composites
p5-2 (p129): 14.2.1 Empirical Model
p5-3 (p130): 14.2.2 First-Principles Study
p5-4 (p131): 14.3 Synthesis by Chemical Vapor Deposition(CVD)
p5-5 (p132): 14.3.1 Bias-Assisted Hot Filament CVD
p5-6 (p133): 14.3.2 Electron Cyclotron Resonance Microwave Plasma-Assisted CVD(MPCVD)
p5-7 (p134): 14.4 Uniform Size-Controlled Nanocrystalline Diamond Films
p5-8 (p135): 14.4.1 Deposition with CN4/N2 Precursor
p5-9 (p139): 14.4.2 Influence of Additional H2 on Microstructure
p5-10 (p141): 14.4.3 Nitrogen Incorporation
p5-11 (p141): 14.4.4 Surface Stable Growth Model
p5-12 (p142): 14.4.5 Field Electron Emission and Transport Tunneling Mechanism
p5-13 (p144): 14.5 Nanocrystalline Carbon Nitride Films
p5-14 (p145): 14.5.1 αandβStructures
p5-15 (p146): 14.5.2 Tetragonal Structure
p5-16 (p147): 14.5.3 Monoclinic Structure
p5-17 (p147): 14.5.4 Fullerene-like Structure
p5-18 (p148): 14.5.5 Carbon Nitride Diamond Silicon Layers
p5-19 (p149): 14.5.6 Physical and Chemical Properties
p5-20 (p150): 14.6 Nanocrystalline Silicon Carbonitride Films
p5-21 (p151): 14.6.1 Deposition With Nitrogen and Methane
p5-22 (p154): 14.6.2 Deposition with Nitrogen.Methane and Hydrogen:Influence of Hydrogen Flow Ratio
p5-23 (p155): 14.6.3 Lattice-Matched Growth Model
p5-24 (p156): 14.7.1 Morphology and Composition
p5-25 (p156): 14.7 Turbostratic Boron Carbonitride Films
p5-26 (p157): 14.7.2 Turbostratic Structure
p5-27 (p159): 14.7.3 Raman and Photoluminescence
p5-28 (p160): 14.7.4 Field Electron Emission
p5-29 (p161): 14.8 Polymerized Nitrogen-Incorporated Carbon Nanobells
p5-30 (p161): 14.8.1 Polymerized Nanobell Structure
p5-31 (p163): 14.8.2 Chemical Separation and Application
p5-32 (p164): 14.8.3 Wall-Side Field Emission Mechanism
p5-33 (p165): 14.9 Highly Oriented Boron Carbonitride Nanofibers
p5-34 (p165): 14.9.1 Microstructure and Composition
p5-35 (p167): 14.10 Conclusions
p5-36 (p167): 14.9.2 Field Electron Emission
p5-37 (p169): References
p6 (p174): 15 Self-Assembled Ordered Nanostructures
p6-2 (p174): 15.1 Ordered Self-Assembled Nanocrystals
p6-3 (p177): 15.1.1 Processing of Nanocrystals for Self-Assembly
p6-4 (p182): 15.1.2 Technical Aspects of Self-Assembling
p6-5 (p185): 15.1.3 Structure of the Nanocrystal Self-Assembly
p6-6 (p190): 15.1.4 Properties of the Nanocrystal Self-Assembly
p6-7 (p195): 15.2 Ordered Self-Assembly of Mesoporous Materials
p6-8 (p196): 15.2.1 Processing
p6-9 (p197): 15.2.2 The Formation Mechanisms
p6-10 (p199): 15.2.3 Applications
p6-11 (p203): 15.2.4 Mesoporous Materials of Transition Metal Oxides
p6-12 (p205): 15.3 Hierarchically Structured Nanomaterials
p6-13 (p207): 15.4 Summary
p6-14 (p207): References
p7 (p211): 16 Molecularly Organized Nanostructural Materials
p7-2 (p211): 16.1 Introduction
p7-3 (p211): 16.1.1 Nanostructural Materials in Energy Sciences
p7-4 (p212): 16.1.2 Nanophase Materials in Environmental and Health Sciences
p7-5 (p213): 16.1.3 Molecularly Organized Nanostructural Materials
p7-6 (p213): 16.2 Molecularly Directed Nucleation and Growth.and Matrix Mediated Nanocomposites
p7-7 (p213): 16.2.1 Molecularly Directed Nanoscale Materials in Nature
p7-8 (p214): 16.2.2 Directed Nucleation and Growth of Thin Films
p7-9 (p217): 16.2.3 Matrix Mediated Nanocomposites
p7-10 (p221): 16.3 Surfactant Directed Hybrid Nanoscale Materials
p7-11 (p222): 16.3.1 Ordered Nanoporous Materials
p7-12 (p227): 16.3.2 Hybrid Nanoscale Materials
p7-13 (p233): 16.4 Summary and Prospects
p7-14 (p234): References
p8 (p237): 17 Nanostructured Bio-inspired Materials
p8-2 (p237): 17.1 Introduction
p8-3 (p240): 17.2 Case Study Ⅰ:Teeth
p8-4 (p241): 17.2.1 Control over Mineralization at Nanometer Scale
p8-5 (p244): 17.2.2 Hierarchical Structure in Biological Materials
p8-6 (p246): 17.3 Case Study Ⅱ:Mesoscopic Silica Films
p8-7 (p248): 17.3.1 Hierarchical Film Structure
p8-8 (p253): 17.3.2 Towards Control of the Properties
p8-9 (p254): 17.4 Conclusion
p8-10 (p254): References
p9 (p257): 18 Nanophase Metal Oxide Materials for Electrochromic Displays
p9-2 (p257): 18.1 Introduction
p9-3 (p258): 18.2 Basic Concepts in Electrochromism
p9-4 (p258): 18.2.1 Electrochromic Display Device
p9-5 (p260): 18.2.2 Electrochromic Materials
p9-6 (p261): 18.2.3 Perceived Color and Contrast Ratio
p9-7 (p262): 18.2.4 Coloration Efficiency and Response Time
p9-8 (p262): 18.2.5 Write-Erase Efficiency and Cycle Life
p9-9 (p263): 18.3 Nanophase Metal Oxide Electrochromic Materials
p9-10 (p264): 18.3.1 Synthesis of Supported ATO Nanocrystallites
p9-11 (p266): 18.3.2 Characterization of Supported ATO Nanocrystallites
p9-12 (p268): 18.4 Construction of Printed.Flexible Displays Using Interdigitated Electrodes
p9-13 (p268): 18.4.1 Design Strategy
p9-14 (p270): 18.4.2 Materials Selection
p9-15 (p272): 18.4.3 Display Examples
p9-16 (p274): 18.5 Contrast of Printed Electrochromic Displays Using ATO Nanophase Materials
p9-17 (p275): 18.5.1 Effect of Antimony Doping on Contrast Ratio
p9-18 (p281): 18.5.2 Effect of Annealing Temperature on Contrast Ratio
p9-19 (p285): 18.5.3 Other Factors That Affect the Contrast Ratio
p9-20 (p289): References
p9-21 (p289): 18.6 Summary
p10 (p292): 19 Engineered Microstructures for Nonlinear Optics
p10-2 (p292): 19.1 Introduction
p10-3 (p293): 19.2 Preparation of DSLs
p10-4 (p293): 19.2.1 Preparation of DSLs by Modulation of Ferroelectric Domains
p10-5 (p296): 19.2.2 Preparation of DSL by Using Photorefractive Effect
p10-6 (p297): 19.3 Outline of the Nonlinear Optics
p10-7 (p298): 19.4 Wave Vector Conservation
p10-8 (p301): 19.5 Nonlinear Optical Frequency Conversion in 1-D Periodic DSLs
p10-9 (p303): 19.6 Nonlinear Optical Frequency Conversion in 1-D QPDSLs
p10-10 (p304): 19.6.1 The Construction of QPDSL
p10-11 (p305): 19.6.2 Theoretical Treatment of the Nonlinear Optical Processes in QPDSLs
p10-12 (p309): 19.6.3 The Effective Nonlinear Optical Coefficients
p10-13 (p309): 19.6.4 QPM Multiwavelength SHG
p10-14 (p310): 19.6.5 Direct THG
p10-15 (p311): 19.7 Optical Bistability in a 2-D DSL
p10-16 (p312): 19.7.1 Bloch Wave Approach
p10-17 (p315): 19.7.2 Four-Path Switch:Linear Case
p10-18 (p316): 19.7.3 A New Type of Optical Bistability Mechanism:Nonlinear Case with One Incident Wave
p10-19 (p319): 19.7.4 A New Type of Optical Bistability Mechanism:Nonlinear Case With Two Incident Waves
p10-20 (p320): 19.8 Outlook
p10-21 (p322): References
p10-22 (p329): Index

10NanomechanismoftheHexagonal-CubicPhaseTransitioninBoronNitrideunderHighPressureatHighTemperature 25页 25
11NanomaterialsforEnergyStorage:BatteriesandFuelCells 51页 51
12Nanocomposites 96页 96
13GrowthandPropertiesofSingle-WalledCarbonNanotubes 125页 125
14NanomaterialsfromLight-ElementComposites 158页 158
15Self-AssembledOrderedNanostructures 206页 206
16MolecularlyOrganizedNanostructuralMaterials 245页 245
17NanostructuredBio-inspiredMaterials 273页 273
18NanophaseMetalOxideMaterialsforElectrochromicDisplays 295页 295
19EngineeredMicrostructuresforNonlinearOptics 331页 331
Index 369页 369

v. 1. Synthesis
v. 2. Characterization
v. 3.,pt.1-2. Materials systems and applications I-II.

2024-12-16