Table of Contents
About the Authors
Acknowledgments
Introduction to the Second Edition
Chapter 1: Math Modeling with 3D Prints
Math Modeling for 3D Printing
OpenSCAD
OpenSCAD Basics
Downloading OpenSCAD
Editing the Models
Math Background
Simple “Blocky” Model
Idiosyncrasies of OpenSCAD
Creating Smoother Surfaces
Limitations and Alternatives
Making a Two-Sided Smooth Surface
Creating Surfaces from an External Data File
3D Printing
Slicing Programs
Materials
Layer Height
Using Support and Infill
Making a Print Stick
Skirt and Brim
Reorienting Models for Better Quality
Vase Mode
Printing Considerations
Archives and Repositories
Where to Learn More
Teacher Tips
Science Fair Project Ideas
Summary
Chapter 2: Light and Other Waves
Physics and Math Background
Principle of Superposition
Basic Examples
Point Sources and Plane Waves
Wave Model Details
Two Interacting Sources
Diffraction and Interference
Light Through One Slit
The Double-Slit Experiment
Diffraction Models
Printing Considerations
Where to Learn More
Teacher Tips
Science Fair Project Ideas
More Wave Interaction Models
Summary
Chapter 3: Gravity
Universal Gravitation
Gravitational Potential Wells
Earth-Moon System Model
Algol Model
Custom Gravity Well Models
Orbits
Halley’s Comet Orbit Model
Inner Solar System Model
Custom Orbits
Printing Tips
Where to Learn More
Teacher Tips
Science Fair Project Ideas
Summary
Chapter 4: Airfoils
How Wings Work
Flight Forces: Lift, Gravity, Drag, Thrust
Chord, Camber, and Thickness
Other Wing Features
Sweep
Taper
Dihedral and Twist
Control Surfaces
Angle of Attack
NACA Airfoils
3D Printable Models
The NACA Four-Digit Series
Math of the NACA Model
The Camber Line
The Thickness Equation
Calculating the Wing Surface Curve
Single Wing OpenSCAD Model
Sting and Wings Model
Measuring Lift
Printing Suggestions
Classic Airplanes Using NACA Airfoils
Where to Learn More
Visualizing Flow
Building a Student Wind Tunnel
Scaling a Model
Teacher Tips
Science Fair Project Ideas
Summary
Chapter 5: Simple Machines
The Machines
Inclined Plane and Wedge
Inclined Plane
Wedge
Wedge and Inclined Plane Models
Lever
Class 1 Levers
Class 2 and 3 Levers
Screw
Wheel and Axle
Pulley
Printing Suggestions
Where to Learn More
Teacher Tips
Science Fair Project Ideas
Summary
Chapter 6: Plants and Their Ecosystems
Botany Background
Water
Sunlight
Nutrients
Plant Communities
The Mathematics of Plant Growth
The Golden Ratio
The Golden Angle
Fibonacci Sequence
Phyllotaxis
The Models
Desert Plants
Tropical Jungle Plants
Flowers
Printing the Models
Plant and Flower Models
Jungle Plant Leaf Model
Printing Suggestions
Where to Learn More
Teacher Tips
Science Fair Project Ideas
Summary
Chapter 7: Molecules
Chemistry Background
The Periodic Table of the Elements
Basic Orbital Shapes
Assembling the Model
The Carbon Atom: Hybridized Orbitals
Carbon Atom Model
Assembling the Carbon Atom
Water Molecules
The Water Molecule Model
The Carbon Versus Water Molecule Model
Crystals
Water Ice
Ice 1h
Assembling an Ice 1h Molecule
Ice 1c
Assembling the Ice 1c Molecule
Other Water Ice Structures
Diamond
Printing Suggestions
Where to Learn More
Teacher Tips
Science Fair Project Ideas
Summary
Chapter 8: Trusses
Engineering Background
Why Triangular Structures?
Forces on Planar (“2D”) Truss Members
The Space (3D) Truss
Tensegrity Structures
The Models
2D Truss Model
Printing the 2D Truss
Tensegrity Structure Model
Printing the Tensegrity Elements
Assembling the 3-Rod Tensegrity Prism
Hints for Assembling an Icosahedron
Where to Learn More
Teacher Tips
Science Fair Project Ideas
Summary
Chapter 9: Gears
Gears
Gear Ratio
Types of Gears
Sprockets
Gear Models
Gear Set Model
Planetary Gear Model
Where to Learn More
Teacher Tips
Science Fair Project Ideas
Summary
A Few Last Words About Making Things
Appendix: Links
About the Authors
Introduction
Chapter 1: Math Modeling with 3D Prints
Chapter 2: Light and Other Waves
Chapter 3: Gravity
Chapter 4: Airfoils
Chapter 5: Simple Machines
Chapter 6: Plants and Their Ecosystems
Chapter 7: Molecules
Chapter 8: Trusses
Chapter 9: Gears
Index

lgrsnf/3D Printed Science Projects Volume 1.pdf

zlib/no-category/Joan Horvath,Rich Cameron/3D Printed Science Projects Volume 1 : Ideas for Your Classroom, Science Fair, or Home_30364554.pdf

JOAN CAMERON, RICH HORVATH

Apress L. P.

Second edition, Berkeley, CA, 2024

Create 3D printable models that can help students from kindergarten through grad school learn math, physics, botany, chemistry, engineering and more. This book shows parents and teachers how to use the models inside as starting points for 3D printable explorations. Students can start with these models and vary them for their own explorations. Unlike other sets of models that can just be scaled, these models have the science built-in to allow for more insight into the fundamental concepts. Each of the eight topics is designed to be customized by you to create a wide range of projects suitable for science fairs, extra credit, or classroom demonstrations. Science fair project suggestions and extensive "where to learn more" resources are included, too. You will add another dimension to your textbook understanding of science. For this New Edition: The second edition of 3D Printed Science Projects is a thorough update of the original, modernizing the 3D printing technology. 3D Printed Science Projects shows you how to create 3D printable models that can help students from kindergarten through grad school learn math, physics, botany, chemistry, engineering and more. Each of the models is created in the free, open source CAD program OpenSCAD, so it can be customized by the reader. This allows the models to be the basis of open-ended STEM projects at a variety of levels. What You'll Learn Create (and present the science behind) 3D printed models. Use a 3D printer to create those models as simply as possible. Discover new science insights from designing 3D models. Who This Book Is For 3D Printed Science Projects particularly targets the technology-squeamish teacher or parent who want their kids tolearn something from their 3D printer but need help getting started. Kids who love science, homeschoolers (and the grandmas who buy them birthday presents) will be customers.

2024-09-26